تأثير العوامل الاجتماعية والثقافية على معرفة وممارسة الأمهات الكويتيات للرضاعة الطبيعية: دراسة تطبيقية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34120/jss.v52i4.3233الكلمات المفتاحية:
الرضاعة الطبيعية، الممارسة، عوامل اجتماعية، ثقافية، أمهات كويتياتالملخص
هدف الدراسة: هدفت هذه الدراسة الوصفية إلى تحديد أثر العوامل الاجتماعية والثقافية في مدى معرفة الأمهات الكويتيات بالوقت المناسب للبدء بالرضاعة الطبيعية، والفترة الزمنية المثالية للرضاعة، والوقت المناسب لإدخال المكملات الغذائية للرضيع. المنهجية: تم توزيع استمارة ذاتية على 870 أم كويتية، وهي تتألف من أربعة أجزاء: (1) البيانات الاجتماعية والثقافية، (2) أسئلة حول مدى معرفة الأم بالوقت المناسب للبدء بالرضاعة الطبيعية، (3) أسئلة حول المدة الزمنية المثلى لممارسة الرضاعة الطبيعية، و(4) مصادر المعلومات الرئيسة للأمهات حول الرضاعة الطبيعية. النتائج: كشفت الدراسة عن وجود اختلافات بين المعلومات الديموغرافية للمشاركين (العمر، والحالة العائلية، والخلفية العرقية، والوضع الوظيفي) ومدى معرفتهم بالوقت المناسب للبدء بالرضاعة الطبيعية والمدة الزمنية المثالية للرضاعة. تم ايضاً الكشف عن وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين العوامل الديموغرافية للمشاركين (العمر، والحالة العائلية، والخلفية العرقية، والوضع الوظيفي) ومدى معرفتهم بالوقت المناسب لتقديم المكملات الغذائية لأطفالهم الرضع. وقد كانت أمهات المشاركات المصدر الرئيسي للمعلومات حول ممارسة الرضاعة الطبيعية في هذه الدراسة. الخلاصة: يمكن أن تساعد نتائج هذه الدراسة الأطباء واختصاصيي الرضاعة الطبيعية في توفير رعاية أكثر للأمهات المرضعات من خلال معرفة العوامل الثقافية المؤثرة في درجة الوعي والمعرفة حول ممارسة الرضاعة الطبيعية وتقديم المشورة المناسبة لهنّ حولها.
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